Na rie\u0161enie probl\u00e9mu zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia a dosiahnutie v\u00edzie E\u00da o nulovom zne\u010disten\u00ed do roku 2050<\/a> m\u00e1 E\u00da komplexn\u00fa politiku \u010dist\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia zalo\u017een\u00fa na troch pilieroch: normy kvality okolit\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia, zni\u017eovanie emisi\u00ed zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich l\u00e1tok a emisn\u00e9 normy pre k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 zdroje zne\u010distenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Od 80. rokov 20. storo\u010dia prijala E\u00da z\u00e1sady t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa kvality ovzdu\u0161ia.<\/strong> S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 smernice o kvalite okolit\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia prebrali mnoh\u00e9 ustanovenia vr\u00e1tane mnoh\u00fdch noriem kvality ovzdu\u0161ia z predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich pr\u00e1vnych predpisov. Za posledn\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010die tieto z\u00e1sady prispeli k zn\u00ed\u017eeniu prekro\u010den\u00ed pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu l\u00e1tok zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich ovzdu\u0161ie. Probl\u00e9m kvality ovzdu\u0161ia v\u0161ak nie je ani z\u010faleka vyrie\u0161en\u00fd. Hoci sa po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed vystaven\u00fdch zne\u010disteniu ovzdu\u0161ia v posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010diach v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017eil, v pr\u00edpade viacer\u00fdch l\u00e1tok zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich ovzdu\u0161ie pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00fa prekro\u010denia noriem E\u00da pre kvalitu ovzdu\u0161ia. Tieto smernice boli stanoven\u00e9 s cie\u013eom definova\u0165 spolo\u010dn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy monitorovania, hodnotenia a informovania o kvalite okolit\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia v E\u00da<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V r\u00e1mci t\u00fdchto smern\u00edc o kvalite okolit\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia existuje nieko\u013eko pr\u00e1vnych predpisov.<\/strong> Smernice E\u00da o kvalite ovzdu\u0161ia \u2013 konkr\u00e9tne smernica 2008\/50\/ES o kvalite okolit\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia a \u010distej\u0161om ovzdu\u0161\u00ed pre Eur\u00f3pu a smernica 2004\/107\/ES o \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch kovoch a polycyklick\u00fdch aromatick\u00fdch uh\u013eovod\u00edkoch v okolitom ovzdu\u0161\u00ed stanovuj\u00fa prahov\u00e9 hodnoty koncentr\u00e1ci\u00ed zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich l\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e9 sa nesm\u00fa prekro\u010di\u0165 v danom \u010dasovom obdob\u00ed. V pr\u00edpade prekro\u010denia musia org\u00e1ny vypracova\u0165 a implementova\u0165 pl\u00e1ny riadenia kvality ovzdu\u0161ia. Cie\u013eom t\u00fdchto pl\u00e1nov by malo by\u0165 zn\u00ed\u017eenie koncentr\u00e1ci\u00ed l\u00e1tok zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich ovzdu\u0161ie pod limitn\u00e9 a cie\u013eov\u00e9 hodnoty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zauj\u00edma v\u00e1s, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 normy smern\u00edc o kvalite ovzdu\u0161ia?<\/strong> M\u00f4\u017eete sa pozrie\u0165 tu: Normy kvality ovzdu\u0161ia E\u00da (europa.eu)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ak chceme bojova\u0165 proti zne\u010disteniu ovzdu\u0161ia a dosiahnu\u0165 v\u00edziu E\u00da o nulovom zne\u010disten\u00ed do roku 2050, r\u00f4zne priemyseln\u00e9 odvetvia si bud\u00fa vy\u017eadova\u0165 r\u00f4zne opatrenia na ich najlep\u0161iu regul\u00e1ciu<\/a>. Preto E\u00da vypracovala r\u00f4zne smernice na ur\u010denie r\u00f4znych noriem pre automobilov\u00fd a ostatn\u00fd priemysel. Medzi ne patr\u00ed smernica o n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch z\u00e1v\u00e4zkoch na zn\u00ed\u017eenie emisi\u00ed \u2013 Eur\u00f3pska environment\u00e1lna agent\u00fara (europa.eu)<\/a> (NEC \u2013 pre automobilov\u00fd priemysel) a EUR-Lex \u2013 32010L0075 \u2013 SK \u2013 EUR-Lex (europa.eu)<\/a> pre priemyseln\u00e9 emisie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Celkovo je cie\u013eom smernice, rovnako ako v\u00edzie E\u00da o nulovom zne\u010disten\u00ed do roku 2050<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u013dudia si ve\u013emi \u010dasto m\u00fdlia Zelen\u00fa dohodu so smernicami o ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a naopak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Obe nariadenia sa zaoberaj\u00fa plynmi a v\u0161eobecn\u00fdmi emisiami, ale z\u00e1sadn\u00fd rozdiel, ktor\u00fdm sa odli\u0161uj\u00fa, s\u00fa plyny a \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00face ovzdu\u0161ie, ktor\u00e9 reguluj\u00fa. Zatia\u013e \u010do Zelen\u00e1 dohoda sa vz\u0165ahuje na sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny (oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd (CO2), met\u00e1n (CH4), oxid dusn\u00fd (N2O) a oz\u00f3n (O3)), smernice o ovzdu\u0161\u00ed sa zaoberaj\u00fa \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facimi ovzdu\u0161ie, ktor\u00e9 zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa NOx, SOx a r\u00f4zne druhy pevn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ako je uveden\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie v cieli, smernice maj\u00fa priame d\u00f4sledky pre ak\u00fdko\u013evek priemysel, ktor\u00fd centralizuje spa\u013eovacie motory (ke\u010f\u017ee emisie bud\u00fa pravdepodobne \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00face ovzdu\u0161ie a tuh\u00e9 \u010dastice). Ak sa E\u00da okrem toho zaviazala spomali\u0165 zmenu kl\u00edmy a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 emisie (emisn\u00e9 normy E\u00da: Euro 1-Euro 6\/VI a najnov\u0161ie Euro 7) a tie\u017e zlep\u0161i\u0165 kvalitu ovzdu\u0161ia, obmedzenia bud\u00fa odteraz len pr\u00edsnej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti u\u017e existuj\u00fa pl\u00e1ny na rev\u00edziu, aby sa zos\u00faladili s normami navrhnut\u00fdmi WHO, ako aj s pripravovan\u00fdmi emisn\u00fdmi normami v r\u00e1mci Zelenej dohody. V tla\u010dovej spr\u00e1ve z okt\u00f3bra 2022 u\u017e boli navrhnut\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie podmienen\u00e9 opatrenia, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v procese. S\u00fa to predov\u0161etk\u00fdm tieto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Navrhuje sa zn\u00ed\u017eenie ro\u010dnej limitnej hodnoty pre hlavn\u00fa zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facu l\u00e1tku \u2013 jemn\u00e9 tuh\u00e9 \u010dastice (PM2,5) o viac ako polovicu. Rev\u00edzia zabezpe\u010d\u00ed, aby \u013eudia s po\u0161koden\u00fdm zdrav\u00edm v d\u00f4sledku zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia, mali pr\u00e1vo na od\u0161kodnenie v pr\u00edpade poru\u0161enia pravidiel E\u00da o kvalite ovzdu\u0161ia. Bud\u00fa ma\u0165 tie\u017e pr\u00e1vo na zastupovanie mimovl\u00e1dnymi organiz\u00e1ciami prostredn\u00edctvom hromadn\u00fdch \u017eal\u00f4b na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody. N\u00e1vrh tie\u017e objasn\u00ed pr\u00edstup k spravodlivosti, \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 sankcie a lep\u0161ie informovanie verejnosti o kvalite ovzdu\u0161ia. Nov\u00e1 legislat\u00edva podpor\u00ed miestne org\u00e1ny posilnen\u00edm ustanoven\u00ed o monitorovan\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161ia, modelovan\u00ed a zlep\u0161ovan\u00ed pl\u00e1nov kvality ovzdu\u0161ia.<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Komisia navrhuje pravidl\u00e1 pre \u010distej\u0161\u00ed vzduch a vodu (europa.eu)<\/em><\/a> \u2013 okt\u00f3ber 2022<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u010co s\u00fa smernice E\u00da o kvalite okolit\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia a ako vznikli? \u010cist\u00fd vzduch je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd nielen pre na\u0161e zdravie, ale aj pre \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie. Vplyvom \u013eudskej \u010dinnosti sa v\u0161ak kvalita ovzdu\u0161ia v\u00fdrazne zhor\u0161ila. Tieto \u010dinnosti s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 najm\u00e4 s priemyslom, v\u00fdrobou energie, vykurovan\u00edm dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvom a dopravou. V E\u00da je zne\u010distenie ovzdu\u0161ia environment\u00e1lny zdravotn\u00fd probl\u00e9m … \u010d\u00edtaj viac<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"featured_media":18537,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[72,1436,1026],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adblue-sk","category-greenchem-sk","category-legislativa-sk"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38673"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38673\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38675,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38673\/revisions\/38675"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ella-ivanescu-JbfhNrpQ_dw-unsplash-1024x638.jpg\")
Ako to ovplyv\u0148uje priemysel s\u00favisiaci so spa\u013eovac\u00edmi motormi (pohybliv\u00e1 a nepohybliv\u00e1 mechanika)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Pre\u010do je be\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee si \u013eudia m\u00fdlia zelen\u00fa dohodu a smernice o ovzdu\u0161\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Pre\u010do je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 ma\u0165 smernice o kvalite ovzdu\u0161ia?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u010eal\u0161\u00ed krok smern\u00edc E\u00da o kvalite okolit\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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