Na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a dosa\u017een\u00ed vize EU o nulov\u00e9m zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/a> <\/strong>do roku 2050 m\u00e1 EU komplexn\u00ed politiku \u010dist\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed zalo\u017eenou na t\u0159ech pil\u00ed\u0159\u00edch: normy kvality okoln\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek a emisn\u00ed normy pro kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 zdroje zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Od 80. let 20. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ijala EU z\u00e1sady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/strong> Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 sm\u011brnice o kvalit\u011b okoln\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ebraly mnoh\u00e1 ustanoven\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b mnoh\u00fdch norem kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed z p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f. Za posledn\u00ed desetilet\u00ed tyto z\u00e1sady p\u0159isp\u011bly ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed pro v\u011bt\u0161inu l\u00e1tek zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Probl\u00e9m kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak nen\u00ed ani zdaleka vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fd. P\u0159esto\u017ee se po\u010det lid\u00ed vystaven\u00fdch zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil, v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech l\u00e1tet zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch ovzdu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed norem EU pro kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Tyto sm\u011brnice byly stanoveny s c\u00edlem definovat spole\u010dn\u00e9 metody monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed, hodnocen\u00ed a informov\u00e1n\u00ed o kvalit\u011b okoln\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v EU.<\/a><\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n V r\u00e1mci t\u011bchto sm\u011brnic o kvalit\u011b vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed existuje n\u011bkolik pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f.<\/strong> Sm\u011brnice EU o kvalit\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed \u2013 konkr\u00e9tn\u011b sm\u011brnice 2008\/50\/ES o kvalit\u011b vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a \u010dist\u0161\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00edm pro Evropu a sm\u011brnice 2004\/107\/ES o t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch kovech a polycyklick\u00fdch aromatick\u00fdch uhlovod\u00edc\u00edch ve vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, stanovuj\u00ed prahov\u00e9 hodnoty koncentrac\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 se nesm\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010dit v dan\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m obdob\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prekro\u010den\u00ed mus\u00ed org\u00e1ny vypracovat a implementovat pl\u00e1ny \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. C\u00edlem t\u011bchto pl\u00e1n\u016f by m\u011blo b\u00fdt sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed koncentrace l\u00e1tek zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch ovzdu\u0161\u00ed pod limitov\u00e9 a c\u00edlov\u00e9 hodnoty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00e1s, jak\u00e9 jsou sou\u010dasn\u00e9 normy sm\u011brnic o kvalit\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed?<\/strong> M\u016f\u017eete se pod\u00edvat zde: Normy kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed EU<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Pokud chceme bojovat proti zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a dos\u00e1hnout viz\u00ed EU o nulov\u00e9m zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed do roku 2050<\/a><\/strong>, r\u016fzn\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed si budou vy\u017eadovat r\u016fzn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed na jejich nejlep\u0161\u00ed regulaci<\/a>. Proto EU vypracovala sm\u011brnice na ur\u010den\u00ed norem pro automobilov\u00fd a ostatn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed sm\u011brnice o n\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1vazc\u00edch na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed \u2013 Evropsk\u00e1 environment\u00e1ln\u00ed agentura<\/a> (NEC \u2013 pro automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl) a EUR-Lex \u2013 32010L0075 \u2013 CZ \u2013 EUR-Lex<\/a> pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 emise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Celkov\u011b jsou c\u00edlem sm\u011brnice, stejn\u011b jako vize EU o nulov\u00e9m zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed do roku 2050<\/p>\n\n\n\n Lid\u00e9 si velmi \u010dasto pletou Zelenou dohodu se sm\u011brnicemi o ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a naopak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ob\u011b na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se zaob\u00edraj\u00ed plyny a v\u0161eobecn\u00fdmi emisemi, ale z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl, kter\u00fdm se odli\u0161uj\u00ed, jsou plyny a \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e9 reguluj\u00ed. Zat\u00edm co Zelen\u00e1 dohoda se vztahuje na sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny (oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd (CO2), metan (CH4), oxid dusn\u00fd (N2O) a oz\u00f3n (O3)), sm\u011brnice o ovzdu\u0161\u00ed se zaob\u00edraj\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edmi ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed NOx, SOx a r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy pevn\u00fdch \u010dastic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jak je uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, sm\u011brnice maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro jak\u00fdkoliv pr\u016fmysl, kter\u00fd centralizuje spalovac\u00ed motory (vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee emise budou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0pevn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice). Pokud se EU nav\u00edc zav\u00e1zala zpomalit zm\u011bnu klimatu a\u00a0sn\u00ed\u017eit emise (emisn\u00ed normy EU: Euro 1-Euro 6\/VI a nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Euro 7) a\u00a0tak\u00e9 zlep\u0161it kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, omezen\u00ed budou od nyn\u011bj\u0161ka jen p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V sou\u010dasnosti ji\u017e existuj\u00ed pl\u00e1ny na revizi, aby se sladily s normami navr\u017een\u00fdmi WHO, jako\u017e i s p\u0159ipravovan\u00fdmi emisn\u00edmi normami v r\u00e1mci Zelen\u00e9 dohody. V tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b z \u0159\u00edjna 2022 u\u017e byla navr\u017eena dal\u0161\u00ed podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou v procesu. Jsou to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm tato:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Navrhuje se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed limitn\u00ed hodnoty pro hlavn\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tku \u2013 jemn\u00e9 tuh\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice (PM2,5) o v\u00edc ne\u017e polovinu. Revize zajist\u00ed, aby lid\u00e9 s po\u0161kozen\u00fdm zdrav\u00edm v d\u016fsledku zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, m\u011bli pr\u00e1vo na od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed pravidel EU o kvalit\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Budou m\u00edt tak\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed nevl\u00e1dn\u00edmi organizacemi prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm hromadn\u00fdch \u017ealob na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody. N\u00e1vrh tak\u00e9 objasn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke spravedlnosti, \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 sankce a lep\u0161\u00ed informov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti o kvalit\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Nov\u00e1 legislativa podpo\u0159\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed org\u00e1ny pos\u00edln\u011bn\u00edm ustanoven\u00ed o monitorovan\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, modelov\u00e1n\u00ed a zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Komise navrhuje pravidla pro \u010dist\u0161\u00ed vzduch a vodu (evropa.eu)<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u2013 \u0159\u00edjen 2022<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u010c\u00edm se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed sm\u011brnice EU o kvalit\u011b okoln\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a jak vznikly? \u010cist\u00fd vzduch je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd nejen pro na\u0161e zdrav\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Vlivem lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti se v\u0161ak kvalita ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b zhor\u0161ila. Jedn\u00e1 se zejm\u00e9na o \u010dinnosti spojen\u00e9 s pr\u016fmyslem, v\u00fdrobou energie, vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00edm dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00edm a dopravou. V EU je zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed environment\u00e1ln\u00edm … \u010dt\u011bte v\u00edce<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"featured_media":18526,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1464,1024],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40417","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-greenchem-cs","category-zakonodarstvi-cz"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40417","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40417"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40417\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40871,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40417\/revisions\/40871"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40417"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40417"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40417"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/greenchemstaging.maarevenonline.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ella-ivanescu-JbfhNrpQ_dw-unsplash-1024x638.jpg\")
Jak to ovliv\u0148uje pr\u016fmysl souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se spalovac\u00edmi motory (pohybliv\u00e1 a nepohybliv\u00e1 mechanika)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Pro\u010d je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee si lid\u00e9 pletou Zelenou dohodu a sm\u011brnice o ovzdu\u0161\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edt sm\u011brnice o kvalit\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed krok sm\u011brnic EU o kvalit\u011b vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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